Electronic Journal
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
(translated: INT J HYD E)
Abstract
| Language: | English |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Pergamon |
| ISSN: | 18793487 and 03603199 |
| Types: | Electronic Journal |
About
Log in
Log in?
DTU users get better search results including licensed content and discounts on order fees.
Anyone can log in and get personalized features such as favorites, tags and feeds.
DTU Findit
DTU
Close advanced
{{problem}}
By field
Using AND/OR
By author
This tool can help you build boolean queries suitable for doing a broad search for different synonyms or spellings of each word. Start via the drop-down below or just start typing in the search field.
{{ row.typeTitle }}:
(
)
2013, Volume 38, Issue 3
Journal article
Spatial development of hydrogen economy in a low-carbon UK energy system 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.049
Hydrogen technologies and infrastructures might play a significant role in meeting ambitious climate and energy policy goals of the UK Government. Nonetheless, studies on hydrogen are either limited in scope in that they do not take into account the relationships with the wider energy system drivers and constraints or do not consider how a hydrogen network might develop geographically. This pap...
Pages: 1209-1224
Language: English
Journal article
Degradation mechanism of electrolyte and air electrode in solid oxide electrolysis cells operating at high polarization 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.113
Degradation mechanism of the electrolyte and air electrode is reported for solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). Symmetric cells composed of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, Sr-doped LaMnO3±δ (LSM)/YSZ composite working and counter electrodes, and Pt ring-type reference electrode are used to simulate the operating conditions of the air electrode. Degradation behavior in the imped...
Pages: 1225-1235
Language: English
Journal article
Investigation on hydrogen production using multicomponent aluminum alloys at mild conditions and its mechanism 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.034
A series of Al alloys with low melting point metals Ga, In, Sn as alloy elements were fabricated using mechanical alloying method. The phase compositions and morphologies of different Al alloys were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. The reaction of the Al alloys with water for hydrogen evolving at mild conditions (at room temperature in neutral water) was studied. The results showed that...
Pages: 1236-1243
Language: English
Journal article
Prediction of phase equilibria of HIx system using artificial neural network: Experimental verification 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.067
Thermochemical sulfur–iodine (SI) cycle is one of the promising technologies investigated for hydrogen production using solar and nuclear energy. The development and validation of a reliable thermodynamic model for the HIx mixture (HI–H2O–I2) encountered in the SI cycle have been identified as a central research issue to provide estimations on the HIx section energy demand.In this contribution,...
Pages: 1244-1250
Language: English
Journal article
Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of anatase TiO2 by metal-assisted S–O coupling for water splitting 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.109
In this study, hybrid density functional theory calculations have been used to investigate the electronic structures of (Mg, S), (2Al, S), (Ca, S), and (2Ga, S) codoped anatase TiO2, aiming at improving their photoelectochemical performance for water splitting. It is found that the acceptor metals (Mg, Al, Ca, and Ga), assisting the coupling of the incorporated S with the neighboring O in TiO2,...
Pages: 1251-1257
Language: English
Journal article
In-situ growth of CdS quantum dots on g-C3N4 nanosheets for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation under visible light irradiation 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.116
Well dispersed CdS quantum dots were successfully grown in-situ on g-C3N4 nanosheets through a solvothermal method involving dimethyl sulfoxide. The resultant CdS–C3N4 nanocomposites exhibit remarkably higher efficiency for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation as compared to pure g-C3N4. The optimal composite with 12 wt% CdS showed a hydrogen evolution rate of 4.494...
Pages: 1258-1266
Language: English
Journal article
Enhanced hydrogen production over CdSe QD/ZTP composite under visible light irradiation without using co-catalyst 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.001
A series of CdSe quantum dot (QD)/zirconium titanium phosphate (ZTP) was synthesized by solvothermal method using ethylene diamine by varying Cd to Se ratio from 1:1 to 1:4 and examined as robust catalysts for hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation without using any co-catalyst. Extensively, the structural, optical, morphological, elemental and photoresponse spectra measurement of t...
Pages: 1267-1277
Language: English
Journal article
Visible-light-driven ZnIn2S4/CdIn2S4 composite photocatalyst with enhanced performance for photocatalytic H2 evolution 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.020
ZnIn2S4/CdIn2S4 composite photocatalysts (x = 0–1) were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal route. Compositions of ZnIn2S4/CdIn2S4 composite photocatalysts were optimized according to the photocatalytic H2 evolution rate. XRD patterns indicate the as-prepared samples are mixtures of hexagonal and cubic structures. FESEM and TEM images show that the as-prepared samples are composed of fl...
Pages: 1278-1285
Language: English
Journal article
Stability of an H2-producing photocatalyst (Ru/(CuAg)0.15In0.3Zn1.4S2) in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.033
Efficient photocatalytic water-splitting systems require stable photocatalysts that have photocatalytic activity with repeated consecutive use. This study investigated H2 production under visible light irradiation with an Ru/(CuAg)0.15In0.3Zn1.4S2 photocatalyst and KI as an electron donor. In addition, the stability and reusability of the catalyst were evaluated over multiple cycles of H2 produ...
Pages: 1286-1296
Language: English
Journal article
Genome based metabolic flux analysis of Ethanoligenens harbinense for enhanced hydrogen production 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.007
Ethanoligenens harbinense is a promising hydrogen producing microorganism due to its high inherent hydrogen production rate. Even though the effect of media optimization and inhibitory metabolites has been studied in order to improve the hydrogen productivity of these cultures, the identification of the underlying causes of the observed changes in productivity has not been targeted to date. In ...
Pages: 1297-1306
Language: English
Journal article
Catalysts of Ni/α-Al2O3 and Ni/La2O3-αAl2O3 for hydrogen production by steam reforming of bio-oil aqueous fraction with pyrolytic lignin retention 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.014
This paper reports on the steam reforming, in continuous regime, of the aqueous fraction of bio-oil obtained by flash pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (sawdust). The reaction system is provided with two steps in series: i) thermal step at 200 °C, for the pyrolytic lignin retention, and ii) reforming in-line of the treated bio-oil in a fluidized bed reactor, in the range 600–800 °C, with spa...
Pages: 1307-1318
Language: English
Journal article
Enrichment of activated sludge for enhanced hydrogen production from crude glycerol 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.069
Enriched activated sludge that can effectively convert crude glycerol into bio-hydrogen was selected by an eco-biotechnological approach, in very strict conditions, using biodiesel-derived glycerol as the only carbon source. The thus obtained functional consortium was characterized by the genera Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella and Cupriavidus. During enrichment, the dominant metabolic end-prod...
Pages: 1319-1331
Language: English
Journal article
Enhancement of hydrogen production in steam gasification of sewage sludge by reusing the calcium in lime-conditioned sludge 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.072
Gasification is a promising alternative process for sewage sludge energy utilization. CaO has been identified as an effective additive which can increase H2 content of syngas produced by coal, biomass, and sludge gasification. Considering that lime (CaO) is a widely applied conditioner for sewage sludge dewatering in filter press, this study investigated the enhanced efficiency of syngas, espec...
Pages: 1332-1341
Language: English
Journal article
Bioelectrochemical enhancement of hydrogen and methane production from the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge in single-chamber membrane-free microbial electrolysis cells 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.087
Batch tests were carried out to investigate the bioelectrochemical enhancement of hydrogen and methane production from the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge in single-chamber membrane-free microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) and non-MECs. Hydrogen and methane were produced from the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge in all reactors. Compared with controls, hydrogen production was enhanced 1...
Pages: 1342-1347
Language: English
Journal article
Effect of catalyst preparation on Au/Ce1−xZrxO2 and Au–Cu/Ce1−xZrxO2 for steam reforming of methanol 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.117
We tested 3 wt% gold (Au) catalysts on CeO2–ZrO2 mixed oxides, prepared by co-precipitation (CP) and the sol–gel (SG) technique, for steam reforming of methanol (SRM). Uniform Ce1−xZrxO2 solid solution was dependent on the Zr/Ce ratio, where the incorporation of Zr4+ into the Ce4+ lattice with a ratio of 0.25 resulted in smaller ceria crystallites and better reducibility, and was found to be ef...
Pages: 1348-1362
Language: English
Journal article
Comparative thermodynamic analysis of adsorption, membrane and adsorption-membrane hybrid reactor systems for methanol steam reforming 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.032
The thermodynamic analysis of steam reforming of methanol without and with fractional removal of H2 and CO2 in adsorption, membrane and adsorption-membrane hybrid reactor systems to produce fuel cell grade H2 with minimal carbon formation is investigated. The results indicate that the removal of undesired CO2 by CO2 adsorbent is most effective process for the production of high purity H2 than H...
Pages: 1363-1375
Language: English
Journal article
Hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol over mesoporous Ni–Al2O3–ZrO2 xerogel catalysts: Effect of Zr/Al molar ratio 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.057
A series of mesoporous Ni–Al2O3–ZrO2 xerogel catalysts (denoted as Ni-AZ-X) with different Zr/Al molar ratio (X) were prepared by a single-step epoxide-driven sol–gel method, and they were applied to the hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol. The effect of Zr/Al molar ratio of Ni-AZ-X catalysts on their physicochemical properties and catalytic activities was investigated. Textural a...
Pages: 1376-1383
Language: English
Journal article
CO2 reforming of CH4 by synergies of binode thermal plasma and catalysts 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.008
To reduce the energy consumption of the process of CO2 reforming CH4 by plasma, the experiments about synergies of thermal plasma and commercial Z107 Ni/Al2O3 catalysts are investigated in three elaborate modes: the binode plasma only, the combination of the plasma and catalysts (CPC), the CPC with part of feed gases introduced into plasma discharge region. The optimal specific energy of 193 kJ...
Pages: 1384-1390
Language: English
Journal article
Highly active carbon nanotube-supported Pd electrocatalyst for oxidation of formic acid prepared by etching copper template method 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.009
In this work, a carbon nanotube-supported Pd nano-catalyst (Pd/MCNTs) is prepared by the etching copper template strategy. Cu nanoparticles (NPs) are formed onto MCNTs first as the template and Pd NPs are then obtained through a galvanic displacement reaction between Pd ions and Cu. TEM, XRD, and XPS characterizations show the crystalline of Pd NPs with a typical diameter of 2–5 nm is homogeneo...
Pages: 1391-1396
Language: English
Journal article
Fabrication of hollow metal oxide–nickel composite spheres and their catalytic activity for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.003
In this paper, we report an effective approach to the fabrication of hollow titania–nickel composite spheres, hollow zirconia–nickel composite spheres, and hollow silica–nickel composite spheres. In this approach, metal oxide–nickel composite shells were coated on polystyrene particles by the sol–gel method and the polystyrene templates were dissolved subsequently, or even synchronously, in the...
Pages: 1397-1404
Language: English
Journal article
Highly ordered mesoporous carbons as the support for Pt catalysts towards alcohol electrooxidation: The combined effect of pore size and electrical conductivity 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.029
Pt nanoparticles were successfully deposited on ordered mesoporous carbons (CMK-3) using a pulse microwave-assisted polyol method. CMK-3 with three different pore sizes, obtained by using boric acid as the pore-expanding agent, were adopted. The pore size was controlled to be 4.4, 6.1, and 6.7nm while the highly ordered structure was still maintained. With these different CMK-3 samples as the s...
Pages: 1405-1412
Language: English
Journal article
Nitrogen-doped graphene as catalysts and catalyst supports for oxygen reduction in both acidic and alkaline solutions 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.039
Solving slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction is critically important for the development of hydrogen fuel cells and direct methanol/ethanol fuel cells. In this study, graphene and nitrogen (N)-doped graphene were synthesized by a solvothermal method and investigated as catalysts as well as catalyst supports for oxygen reduction reactions. In comparison to graphene, N-doped graphene demons...
Pages: 1413-1418
Language: English
Journal article
Catalytic surface development of novel nickel plate catalyst with combined thermally annealed platinum and alumina coatings for steam methane reforming 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.015
Catalytically active surface of small nickel (min 99 wt%) plates for steam methane reforming was enhanced by successive temperature programmed oxidation−reduction (TPO−TPR) pretreatment and combined physical vapor deposition of Pt and Al2O3. The effect of annealing time, temperature, order and number of coatings on the catalytic activity was investigated by means of a pulse technique at the rea...
Pages: 1419-1429
Language: English
Journal article
Combined methane and ethanol reforming for pure hydrogen production through Pd-based membranes 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.036
Combined methane and ethanol steam reforming has been carried out in a conventional reformer filled with a Pt (0.5% wt.) catalyst bed. The reformer has been coupled with a multi-membrane module, where pure hydrogen has been recovered in the shell side by vacuum pumping.The experiments – that mainly aimed at measuring the hydrogen yield – have been carried out in the reaction (lumen) pressure ra...
Pages: 1430-1438
Language: English
Journal article
Preparation, scale-up and testing of nanoscale, doped amide systems for hydrogen storage 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.115
A comparative study of the LiNH2–MgH2 hydrogen storage system has been made, and several additives (LiBH4, KH and ZrCoH3) have been tested as single catalysts and in various combinations in order to study potential synergistic effects.It was verified that LiBH4 and KH significantly improve the de-/rehydrogenation kinetics. However, the addition of KH results in irreversible reactions.Testing of...
Pages: 1439-1449
Language: English
Journal article
CFD model for charge and discharge cycle of adsorptive hydrogen storage on activated carbon 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.119
High surface area activated carbons and other microporous adsorbents have generated a significant amount of interest over the past decade as storage media for hydrogen and natural gas, due to their high storage capacity at low temperatures and their use in gas purification processes. This paper uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate the charging and discharging of a sorption-based ...
Pages: 1450-1459
Language: English
Journal article
Role of particle size, grain size, microstrain and lattice distortion in improved dehydrogenation properties of the ball-milled Mg(AlH4)2 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.006
The decreased dehydrogenation temperature and improved dehydrogenation kinetics were achieved by high-energy ball milling Mg(AlH4)2. The particle size, grain size, microstrain and lattice distortion of the post-milled samples, i.e., from macro- to micro-scale, were systematically characterized by means of SEM and XRD measurements. The results indicated that the high-energy ball milling process ...
Pages: 1460-1468
Language: English
Journal article
Volumetric hydrogen sorption measurements – Uncertainty error analysis and the importance of thermal equilibration time 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.013
The design of a volumetric measurement apparatus is studied by means of an uncertainty analysis to provide guidelines for optimum hydrogen sorption measurements. The reservoir volume should be as small as possible (i.e., 10 cc) to minimize the uncertainty. In addition, the sample mass loading has a profound effect on the uncertainty and the optimum loading is a function of the sample's intrinsi...
Pages: 1469-1477
Language: English
Journal article
An investigation on the hydrogen storage properties and reaction mechanism of the destabilized MgH2–Na3AlH6 (4:1) system 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.035
A novel hydrogen storage composite system, MgH2–Na3AlH6 (4:1), was prepared by mechanochemical milling, and its hydrogen storage properties and reaction mechanism were studied. Temperature-programmed desorption results showed that a mutual destabilization effect exists between the components. First, Na3AlH6 reacts with MgH2 to form a perovskite-type hydride, NaMgH3, Al, and H2 at a temperature ...
Pages: 1478-1483
Language: English
Journal article
Elastic properties of perovskite-type hydride NaMgH3 for hydrogen storage 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.047
Mechanical properties of NaMgH3 were investigated using the norm-conserving pseudopotentials and plane waves (PP–PW) within the general gradient approximation (GGA) in the frame of density functional theory (DFT). The elastic constants of NaMgH3 were calculated for the first time. The NaMgH3 compound is found to be mechanically stable at ambient pressure. The linear bulk modulus and the bulk mo...
Pages: 1484-1489
Language: English
Journal article
Effect of Ni content on the hydrogen storage behavior of ZrCo1−xNix alloys 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.053
ZrCo1−xNix (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) alloys were prepared and their hydrogen storage behavior were studied. ZrCo1−xNix alloys of compositions with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 prepared by arc-melting method and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. XRD analysis showed that the alloys of composition with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 forms cubic phase similar to ZrCo with traces of ZrCo2 phase. A tr...
Pages: 1490-1500
Language: English
Journal article
Discharging characteristics of CoB nano powders 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.090
CoB nano powders, which are considered as prospective anode material for the secondary nickel batteries, were synthesized by the chemical reduction method and their charge/discharge cyclic characteristics were investigated. The effect of heat-treatment on the structure and the discharging behavior of CoB alloy was also investigated. It was observed that the amorphous/nano-crystalline CoB had ve...
Pages: 1501-1509
Language: English
Journal article
3.5-Year tritium aging effect on isotopic exchange at constant flow rate between gaseous hydrogen and palladium deuteride 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.037
Isotopic exchange experiments were performed between gaseous hydrogen flows with constant rate through packed-powder beds of 0-year and 3.5-year tritium aged palladium deuteride. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the crystal lattice of palladium swelled due to the decayed 3He which existed in the interstitial void of 3.5-year tritium aged palladium. The effluent curves of isotopic exchange...
Pages: 1510-1516
Language: English
Journal article
Crosslinked SPES-SPPSU membranes for high temperature PEMFCs 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.110
Highly sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES; Ione exchange capacity = 3.2 meq/g) and polyphenylsulfone (SPPSU; ion exchange capacity = 3.2 meq/g) were synthesized. To get high thermal and chemical stability, a blend membrane was prepared by the composite of SPES and SPPSU. The SPES-SPPSU blend membrane after the annealing treatment at 180 °C was stable in water and other organic solvents, and the ...
Pages: 1517-1523
Language: English
Journal article
Sulfonated MWNT and imidazole functionalized MWNT/polybenzimidazole composite membranes for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.111
Composite membranes used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells comprising of polybenzimidazole (PBI) and carbon nanotubes with certain functional groups were studied, because they could enhance both the mechanical property and fuel cell performance at the same time. In this study, sodium poly(4-styrene sulfonate) functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-poly(NaSS))/PBI and imidazole ...
Pages: 1524-1534
Language: English
Journal article
Cr–N–C multilayer film on 316L stainless steel as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion plating 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.030
To combine the advantages of chromium nitride (CrN) and amorphous carbon (a-C) film, this study proposes a novel Cr–N–C multilayer film on 316L stainless steel (SS316L) as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion plating (CFUBMSIP) method. The characterizations of Cr–N–C film are analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectrosc...
Pages: 1535-1543
Language: English
Journal article
Experimental study on mitigating the cathode flooding at low temperature by adding hydrogen to the cathode reactant gas in PEM fuel cell 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.054
Severe flooding can be critical in a fuel cell vehicle operating at a high current density, and in a fuel cell vehicle at the initial stage of start up. It is often difficult to remove the condensed water from the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of the fuel cell because of the surface tension between the water and the GDL. In this research, in order to remove the condensed water from the cath...
Pages: 1544-1552
Language: English
Journal article
Oxide ion and proton conduction in doped ceria–carbonate composite materials 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.004
The direct current four-probe method has been employed to investigate the conduction of oxide ion and proton in a doped ceria–carbonate composite electrolyte for fuel cells. The measurements are conducted in oxygen and in hydrogen atmospheres in the temperature range of 425–650°C. The conductivities of both of O2− and H+ increase with the increase of carbonate content above the melting point of...
Pages: 1553-1559
Language: English
Journal article
Evaluation of Nb- or Mo-alloyed ferritic stainless steel as SOFC interconnect by using button cells 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.028
The Fe–22Cr–0.5Mn ferritic stainless steel alloyed with Nb or with Mo is evaluated in the button cell configuration at 750 °C in terms of degradation in ohmic resistance and cathodic polarization resistance. STS444 and Crofer22 APU are also evaluated for comparison. Each polarization element is separated by equivalent circuit analysis on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. Cr depos...
Pages: 1560-1570
Language: English
Journal article
Various synthesis methods of aliovalent-doped ceria and their electrical properties for intermediate temperature solid oxide electrolytes 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.044
This article investigates the relationship between ionic conductivity and various processing methods for aliovalent-doped, ceria solid solution particles, as an intermediate temperature-solid oxide electrolyte to explain the wide range of conductivity values that have been reported. The effects of doping material and content on the ionic conductivity are investigated comprehensively in the inte...
Pages: 1571-1587
Language: English
Journal article
Power generation and organics removal from wastewater using activated carbon nanofiber (ACNF) microbial fuel cells (MFCs) 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.005
Carbon-based materials are the most commonly used electrode material for anodes in microbial fuel cell (MFC), but are often limited by their surface areas available for biofilm growth and subsequent electron transfer process. This study investigated the use of activated carbon nanofibers (ACNF) as the anode material to enhance bacterial biofilm growth, and improve MFC performance. Qualitative a...
Pages: 1588-1597
Language: English
Journal article
Proton-conducting barium stannates: Doping strategies and transport properties 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.065
High temperature proton conductors (HTPCs) find their applications in steam electrolysis, gas sensing, and most importantly, fuel cells. In this work, proton conductivities and transport properties of doped BaSnO3 are investigated. Samples of BaSn0.9D0.1O2.95 (D = In, Lu, Er, Y, and Gd) were prepared by solid-state reaction and relative densities >93% were achieved after sintering at 1600 °C or...
Pages: 1598-1606
Language: English
Journal article
Analysis of the behaviour of a 4-stroke Si engine fuelled with ammonia and hydrogen 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.114
The use of hydrogen as fuel represents a possible solution to reduce greenhouse gas emission from vehicles. Although proper engine running with hydrogen has been widely demonstrated, hydrogen storage onboard of the vehicle is a major problem.A promising solution is storing hydrogen in the form of ammonia that is liquid at roughly 9 bar at environmental temperature and therefore involves relativ...
Pages: 1607-1615
Language: English
Journal article
Combustion analysis of a spark ignition i. c. engine fuelled alternatively with natural gas and hydrogen-natural gas blends 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.051
This paper describes an experimental activity performed on a passenger car powered by a spark ignition engine fuelled alternatively with natural gas (CNG) and hydrogen-natural gas blends, with 15% (HCNG15) and 30% (HCNG30) of hydrogen by volume. The vehicle was tested on a chassis dynamometer over different driving cycles, allowing the investigation of more realistic operating conditions than t...
Pages: 1616-1623
Language: English
Journal article
Effect of hydrogen on butanol–biodiesel blends in compression ignition engines 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.061
Research suggests that there is a dramatic reduction in CO and particulate matter (PM) emissions when butanol is blended with biodiesel derived from rapeseed oil (RME), but a small increase in THC emissions. The addition of hydrogen as a combustion enhancer can be used to counteract the increase in THC emissions seen with the butanol fuel blends and further reduce CO and PM emissions. The emiss...
Pages: 1624-1635
Language: English
Journal article
Study on laminar flame speed and flame structure of syngas with varied compositions using OH-PLIF and spectrograph 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.023
Various Bunsen flame information of premixed syngas/air mixtures was systematically collected. A CCD camera was used to capture the flame images. The OH-PLIF technique was applied to obtain the flame OH distribution and overall flame radiation spectra were measured with a spectrograph. Experiments were conducted on a temperature un-controlled burner and syngas over a wide range of H2/CO ratios ...
Pages: 1636-1643
Language: English
Journal article
An atomic study of hydrogen effect on the early stage oxidation of transition metal surfaces 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.118
Density functional theory (DFT) and tight-binding quantum chemical molecular dynamics (QCMD) have been applied to analyze the role of interstitial hydrogen in the process of oxygen adsorption to Ni (111) and Cr-doped Ni (111) surfaces and diffusion within these metal surfaces. The DFT calculations demonstrate that the fcc hollow and octahedral sites are the most favorable for hydrogen adsorptio...
Pages: 1644-1656
Language: English
Journal article
Thermal conductivity and cycle characteristic of metal hydride sheet formed using aramid pulp and carbon fiber 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.052
This paper describes the thermal and hydrogenation properties of a metal hydride (MH) sheet consisting of MH powder, aramid pulp, and carbon fiber. MH sheets were prepared by the wet paper method in which an agglutinated slurry of raw materials was dispersed onto a stainless steel mesh in water and then the sheet was dehydrated and dried. The cyclic characteristics and thermal conductivities of...
Pages: 1657-1661
Language: English
Journal article
Erratum to “Risk assessment by means of Bayesian networks: A comparative study of compressed and liquefied H2 transportation and tank station risks” [Int J Hydrogen Energy 37 (2012) 17415–17425] 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.027
Pages: 1662
Language: English
Journal article
Characterization and activity test of commercial Ni/Al2O3, Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 and prepared Ni–Cu/Al2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production from methane and methanol fuels 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.026
In this study, methane and methanol steam reforming reactions over commercial Ni/Al2O3, commercial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 and prepared Ni–Cu/Al2O3 catalysts were investigated. Methane and methanol steam reforming reactions catalysts were characterized using various techniques. The results of characterization showed that Cu particles increase the active particle size of Ni (19.3 nm) in Ni–Cu/Al2O3 catalys...
Pages: 1664-1675
Language: English
Journal article
Control and experimental characterization of a methanol reformer for a 350 W high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.032
This work presents a control strategy for controlling the methanol reformer temperature of a 350 W high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system, by using a cascade control structure for reliable system operation. The primary states affecting the methanol catalyst bed temperature is the water and methanol mixture fuel flow and the burner fuel/air ratio and combined flow. An exp...
Pages: 1676-1684
Language: English
Journal article
Heat and gas transport properties in pelletized hydride–graphite-composites for hydrogen storage applications 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.159
Metal hydrides are suitable for the compact, efficient and safe storage of hydrogen. Considering hydride-based hydrogen storage tanks, the enhancement of the heat and gas transport properties of the hydride bed is crucial for increased (un-)loading dynamics of the tank.In this contribution, pelletized composites of different hydrogen storage materials (lithium amide, sodium alanate, magnesium h...
Pages: 1685-1691
Language: English
Journal article
Effect of a varying effective thermal conductivity term on heat conduction through a physical model of a hydride bed 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.031
This paper investigates the effect of implementing a varying effective thermal conductivity term on heat transfer simulations within a metal hydride (MH) reactor. The work presented utilises a 1D transient heat transfer analysis comparing simulations either with a fixed effective thermal conductivity or a varying effective thermal conductivity. This builds on previously published work in the li...
Pages: 1692-1701
Language: English
Journal article
Study of current distribution and oxygen diffusion in the fuel cell cathode catalyst layer through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.141
In this study, an analysis of the current distribution and oxygen diffusion in the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) Cathode Catalyst Layer (CCL) has been carried out using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Cathode EIS measurements obtained through a three-electrode configuration in the measurement system are compared with simulated EIS data from a previously validat...
Pages: 1702-1713
Language: English
Journal article
La0.8Sr0.2Mn1−xRuxO3−δ as a cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.111
Oxides of La0.8Sr0.2Mn1−xRuxO3−δ (LSMR) (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, or 1.0) were prepared to fabricate cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells. The crystal structure changed from trigonal (x = 0 or 0.25) to a mixture of trigonal and orthorhombic (x = 0.5) and to orthorhombic (x = 0.75 or 1.0). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis after electrochemical testing indicated that the relative concentra...
Pages: 1714-1724
Language: English
Journal article
Improved ceramics leading to microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (mSOFCs) 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.094
Two methods for improving ceramics in SOFCs are contrasted: first, the strengthening of the cell materials through control of nanoparticle aggregation during ceramic processing; second, the design of tubular cells and stacks with smaller diameters to avoid thermal shock damage.Nanoparticle aggregation is a natural process within a fluid dispersion of the ceramic grains, caused by the attraction...
Pages: 1725-1730
Language: English
Journal article
A novel water-based cathode ink formulation 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.105
A new cathode ink for a solid oxide fuel cell has been developed (patent pending: UK Patent Application Number 1107672.6). A novel, water-based formulation was created and tested against the standard, in-house, acetone-based ink recipe. Poly(N-VinylPyrrolidone) (PVP) was selected as a suitable dispersant and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) as the binder and a range of chain lengths and quantities was...
Pages: 1731-1736
Language: English
Journal article
Simulation of hydrogen leak and explosion for the safety design of hydrogen fueling station in Korea 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.079
Hydrogen has been used as chemicals and fuels in industries for last decades. Recently, it has become attractive as one of promising green energy candidates in the era of facing with two critical energy issues such as accelerating deterioration of global environment (e.g. carbon dioxide emissions) as well as concerns on the depletion of limited fossil sources. A number of hydrogen fueling stati...
Pages: 1737-1743
Language: English
Similar by most common words
By the same authors
With similar titles
With the same keywords
Analysis
